1 # Create a Customized Version
3 The flight controllers have some limitations in space and computing capacity. The developers must decide what features enable and what others disable to create a firmware file that can be used for the major part or users.
5 For example, the official firmware published to users include support for a lot of brands of transmitters and receivers, but habitually you will use only one. This is necessary for a public version, but the protocols not used are spending space that can be used for other features.
7 This document gives a little guide of how-to start creating your own version, activating and deactivating features, especially if your flight controller is an older one with not too much space.
9 Keep in mind that when you create your own firmware you're using a piece of software created by you and can have some bugs that are not present in official version. **You use it at your own risk**.
13 This document is aimed to people who has some knowledge about programming skills and can build its own firmware. You can find information about this process in the [`development`](development/) documentation page.
15 Once you are able to compile your own firmware, you can continue to the next section of this document.
17 When you compile the firmware, the `make` process ends with an info summary of the firmware created, something like this:
19 text data bss dec hex filename
20 126312 1444 18260 146016 23a60 ./obj/main/cleanflight_NAZE.elf
23 The 'text + data' gives you the flash size, and the 'data + bss' is the (static) ram usage. It's recommended to keep the customized version under the values of the unmodified version.
25 ## Commons features for all Flight Controllers
27 The first file where the developers specify the features that are activated or not for a flight controller, is the `target/common_pre.h`.
29 This file specifies the features enabled/disabled depending on the memory flash size of the flight controller, or other conditions.
31 The first interesting part is where it specifies the features activated for all flight controllers. In the actual version, for example:
37 #define USE_SERIALRX_CRSF // Team Black Sheep Crossfire protocol
38 #define USE_SERIALRX_IBUS // FlySky and Turnigy receivers
39 #define USE_SERIALRX_SBUS // Frsky and Futaba receivers
40 #define USE_SERIALRX_SPEKTRUM // SRXL, DSM2 and DSMX protocol
41 #define USE_SERIALRX_SUMD // Graupner Hott protocol
42 #define USE_SERIALRX_SUMH // Graupner legacy protocol
43 #define USE_SERIALRX_XBUS // JR
46 The next part are features enabled if your memory flash size is bigger than 64 megabits.
52 #define TELEMETRY_FRSKY
53 #define TELEMETRY_HOTT
55 #define TELEMETRY_SMARTPORT
56 #define USE_RESOURCE_MGMT
61 And bigger than 128 megabits:
63 #if (FLASH_SIZE > 128)
66 #define TELEMETRY_CRSF
67 #define TELEMETRY_IBUS
68 #define TELEMETRY_JETIEXBUS
69 #define TELEMETRY_MAVLINK
70 #define TELEMETRY_SRXL
72 #define USE_MSP_DISPLAYPORT
74 #define USE_SERIALRX_JETIEXBUS
75 #define USE_SENSOR_NAMES
78 #define VTX_SMARTAUDIO
83 Another interesting thing of this file, are others features deactivated by the computing capacity of the flight controller, or the model of the processor. For example:
85 #if (__FPU_PRESENT == 1) && (__FPU_USED == 1)
86 #define DEFAULT_AUX_CHANNEL_COUNT MAX_AUX_CHANNEL_COUNT
88 #define DEFAULT_AUX_CHANNEL_COUNT 6
91 If the flight controller hasn't a FPU (F1 processors for example) you can use only 6 auxiliary channels of the receiver.
93 After looking carefully to this file, you must know what features you want to disable or enable in your customized build.
95 *NOTE: It is better to not change this file, but it's useful to see what features you can activate or deactivate in your custom build.*
97 ## Specific features for each Flight Controller
99 Each flight controller has it's own file to specify what features are enabled or disable only for it. Sometimes they have been disabled by space limitations, but other times it's for limited computing capacity or a bug, so enable it at your own risk.
101 This file is located in `target/[FLIGHT_CONTROLLER_NAME]/target.h` and it's loaded **after** the `target/common_pre.h`. So any changes in this file will overwrite the default settings, so this file is the place where you must touch to create your custom firmware.
103 The first thing to do is to *#undef* all the features that we want to disable from the *common_pre.h*.
105 For example, in a NAZE32, if we're using Serial RX, with a FlySky receiver (that uses de iBus protocol) and we don't have a led strip we will add all this *#undef* to the file.
110 #undef USE_SERIALRX_CRSF // Team Black Sheep Crossfire protocol
111 #undef USE_SERIALRX_SBUS // Frsky and Futaba receivers
112 #undef USE_SERIALRX_SPEKTRUM // SRXL, DSM2 and DSMX protocol
113 #undef USE_SERIALRX_SUMD // Graupner Hott protocol
114 #undef USE_SERIALRX_SUMH // Graupner legacy protocol
115 #undef USE_SERIALRX_XBUS // JR
118 #undef TELEMETRY_FRSKY
119 #undef TELEMETRY_HOTT
121 #undef TELEMETRY_SMARTPORT
125 With this change, we have won space to add some missing features. With this space, we will add GPS and telemetry by iBus too, adding some *#define* that are only activated by default for flight controllers with more than 128 megabits:
128 #define TELEMETRY_IBUS
131 Be careful, some features are dependent, for example, the `TELEMETRY_IBUS` needs the `TELEMETRY` enabled.
133 To customize more if needed, this file defines all the hardware supported by different versions of the flight controller, for example, in the `NAZE` file:
136 #define USE_GYRO_MPU3050
137 #define USE_GYRO_MPU6050
138 #define USE_GYRO_MPU6500
139 #define USE_GYRO_SPI_MPU6500
142 #define USE_ACC_ADXL345
143 #define USE_ACC_BMA280
144 #define USE_ACC_MMA8452
145 #define USE_ACC_MPU6050
146 #define USE_ACC_MPU6500
147 #define USE_ACC_SPI_MPU6500
150 #define USE_BARO_MS5611 // needed for Flip32 board
151 #define USE_BARO_BMP280
153 Here you have different gyroscopes, accelerometers and barometers defined, to support all the variants of the flight controller. You can comment all the models that you're sure that your flight controller is not using and you will get some free space.
155 You can find too some features disabled for this flight controller, in this case, for example:
159 #define USE_MAG_HMC5883
160 #define MAG_HMC5883_ALIGN CW180_DEG
164 The magnetometer is commented. If you uncomment it, then it will be activated and you can use it in the NAZE flight controller.
166 After modifying this file, you only need to build your firmware again and you will have your own customized version with all and only the features that you need.
168 ## Final considerations
170 As has been said several times in this document, when you activate a feature disabled by the developers, you can overcharge the processor, or include a bug in your firmware version. **So be careful and do it at your own risk**.